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@#Abstract: Objective To explore the antiviral effect of baricitinib in the SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence on cytokine levels. Methods Calu-3 cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2 at MOI of 0.1, and the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and IL-1β), interferon β (IFN-β) and interferon-stimulated gene, IFIT2 in the infected cells were analyzed by qRT-PCR methods. At the same time, Calu-3 cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2 (MOI=0.1) after being treated with baricitinib for 2 hours. Cells were collected at 0, 24, 36, and 48 hours, and analyzed for the mRNA of the above genes in the drug-treated and untreated groups. Results The mRNA levels of IL-6, TNF-a, IL-1β, IFN-β and IFIT2 in Calu-3 infected by SARS-CoV-2 cells were increased significantly. These cytokines were increased by nearly 100-fold post-infection 48 h compared with the control (P<0.000 1), and continued to increase with the infection time (P<0.001 or P<0.000 1). The increase of IL-8 mRNA level was not as significant as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-1β, but it also showed a 2-4 folds increase. Baricitinib does not affect the level of viral RNA in Calu-3 cells after SARS-CoV-2 infection (P>0.05). However, baricitinib can significantly inhibit the up-regulation of IL-6 and TNF-α levels induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection (5.25-fold and 3.90-fold down-regulation, respectively, P<0.01), and has little effect on the levels of IL-8 and IL-1β . In addition, the drug could also significantly down-regulate the increase in IFN-β and IFIT2 levels caused by viral infection (10.51-fold and 90.78-fold down-regulation, respectively, P<0.000 1). Conclusions Baricitinib inhibits the release of inflammatory cytokines to some extent, but it drastically down-regulates the expression of interferons and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and has limited antiviral effect on SARS-CoV-2. Considering that interferon signal pathways play important roles on viral infection, caution should be exercised when using baricitinib to treat COVID-19 patients.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: Sports recognition technology gradually mature. Among them, wearable sensors have attracted wide attention because of their accurate recognition. Objective: The following squats are used as an example to determine whether CNN and EMG signals determine whether functional motion is standard. Methods: Based on the FMS of EMG, 80 students of the same grade are randomly selected from the Physical Education School of XX University for the experiment and the results are verified. Results: The results show that the GBC can classify the EMG signal of the three functional movements more accurately, and the classification accuracy rate of squat, stride, and straight lunge squat is 91%, 89%, and 90%, respectively. The decision tree has a good ability to judge whether the functional movement is standard or not, and the accuracy of judgment can reach more than 98%. In conclusion, EMG-based FMS can effectively detect early sports injuries and plays a good role in reducing sports injuries. Conclusions: The classification effect of the squat is the most obvious, reaching 91%, and its recognition ability is the strongest. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMO Introdução: A tecnologia de reconhecimento esportivo amadurece gradualmente, entre as quais, os sensores atraíram grande atenção devido ao seu reconhecimento preciso. Objetivo: Os seguintes agachamentos são usados como exemplo para ver se os sinais CNN e EMG determinam se o movimento funcional é padrão. Métodos: Com base no EMG FMS, 80 alunos da mesma série da XX Escola Universitária de Educação Física são selecionados aleatoriamente para o experimento e os resultados são verificados. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que o GBC pode classificar o sinal EMG dos três movimentos funcionais com maior precisão, e a taxa de precisão da classificação do agachamento, estocada e agachamento estocada reta é de 91%, 89% e 90%, respectivamente. A árvore de decisão tem uma boa capacidade de julgar se o movimento funcional é padrão ou não, e a precisão de julgamento pode chegar a mais de 98%. Em conclusão, a EMG baseada em EMG pode detectar efetivamente lesões esportivas precoces e desempenha um bom papel na redução de lesões esportivas. Conclusões: O efeito de classificação do agachamento é o mais evidente, chega a 91%, e sua capacidade de reconhecimento é a mais forte. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos- investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: La tecnología de reconocimiento deportivo va madurando gradualmente, entre los cuales, los sensores han atraído gran atención por su preciso reconocimiento. Objetivo: Las siguientes sentadillas se utilizan como ejemplo para saber si las señales CNN y EMG determinan si el movimiento funcional es estándar. Métodos: Con base en el FMS de EMG, se seleccionan al azar 80 estudiantes del mismo grado de la Escuela de Educación Física de la Universidad XX para el experimento y se verifican los resultados. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que el GBC puede clasificar la señal EMG de los tres movimientos funcionales con mayor precisión, y la tasa de precisión de clasificación de sentadilla, zancada y sentadilla con estocada recta es 91%, 89% y 90%, respectivamente. El árbol de decisiones tiene una buena capacidad para juzgar si el movimiento funcional es estándar o no, y la precisión del juicio puede alcanzar más del 98%. En conclusión, la EMG basada en EMG puede detectar de forma eficaz las lesiones deportivas tempranas y desempeña un buen papel en la reducción de las lesiones deportivas. Conclusiones: El efecto de clasificación de la sentadilla es el más evidente, alcanza el 91%, y su capacidad de reconocimiento es la más fuerte. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos- investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
Subject(s)
Wounds and Injuries/prevention & control , Exercise , Smart Materials , Movement , Algorithms , ElectromyographyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the role of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tumor markers in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and serum in the diagnosis and treatment of intracranial germinoma in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 5 children (3 girls and 2 boys) who were treated in our hospital between January 2009 and December 2010 due to central diabetes insipidus. All patients received contrast-enhanced brain MRI at presentation and during each follow-up: meanwhile, their anterior pituitary hormones and tumor markers including human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) were also determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three patients presented without prior evaluation, and two patients were referred to our hospital due to exaggerated disease of unknown cause. Their ages at presentation ranged from 8 years to 12 years 1 month, and the duration of symptoms at presentation was between 1 month to 78 months. All of them had polyuria and polydipsia at presentation. Except one child, the other 4 patients had growth retardation and failure in initiation of puberty. Although the growth rate and puberty development were normal during the 2-year follow-up for the excepted child, all child experienced anterior pituitary hypofunction and an increased concentration of plasma prolactin after the lesion became enlarged. Three patients had cerebral hernia, which presented in 18, 24, and 78 months, respectively. In three patients, brain MRI at presentation showed isolated pituitary stalk thickening, which further developed into massive tumor in the hypothalamus pituitary region 18-22 months later; in the remaining two patients, large brain tumor was found via MRI at their first presentations. In all five patients, the posterior pituitary gland (bright spot) disappeared on T1-weighted MRI images. CSF hCG elevated in all five patients, and serum hCG increased in four patients; the level of hCG varied with the mass size of tumor. Serum and CSF AFP increased in only one patient.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Patients with idiopathic central diabetes insipidus must be closely followed to identify the etiology, especially when anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies are detected. For patients with normal brain MRI results or simply isolated pituitary stalk thickening at presentation, the changes of serial contrast-enhanced brain MRI should be observed during follow-up to ensure the early detection of an evolving occult hypothalamic-stalk lesion. Determination of CSF hCG at the first presentation may be useful, because an increased CSF level of hCG precedes MRI abnormalities.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Biomarkers, Tumor , Blood , Cerebrospinal Fluid , Brain Neoplasms , Blood , Cerebrospinal Fluid , Diagnosis , Germinoma , Blood , Cerebrospinal Fluid , Diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression and clinical significance of cyclin H and cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) in human hemangiomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry technique was used to measure the expression of cyclin H and CDK7 proteins in proliferative, involuting hemangiomas and normal skin tissues. Immunohistochemical technique for factor VIII-related antigen was used to prove that the cells which expressed cyclin H and CDK7 were endothelial cells. Average optical density and positive area of the expression of cyclin H and CDK7 proteins in proliferative, involuting hemangiomas and normal skin tissues were measured by image analysis (HPIAS-1000).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of cyclin H and CDK7 protein in proliferating hemangiomas was significantly higher than that in involuting hemangiomas and normal skin tissues (P < 0.01). But no significant difference was found in the expression of cyclin H and CDK7 protein between involuting hemangiomas and normal skin tissues (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>cyclin H and CDK7 may play an important role in the generation and development of human hemangiomas.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Cyclin H , Metabolism , Cyclin-Dependent Kinases , Metabolism , Hemangioma , Metabolism , Immunohistochemistry , Skin Neoplasms , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of p73 and c-fos protein and its significance in the development of children hemangioma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The quantitative expressions of p73 and c-fos protein in hemangioma and normal skin were detected by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of p73 and c-fos protein were strong in proliferative hemangioma while they were very weak in involutional hemangioma and normal skin. There were significant differences between the proliferative and involutional hemangioma or the normal skin in the expressions of p73 and c-fos (P < 0.01). No statistical significances of p73 or c-fos P73 expressions were observed between involutional hemangioma and normal skin (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>P73 and c-fos may play an important role in the development and involution of skin hemangioma.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , DNA-Binding Proteins , Metabolism , Hemangioma , Metabolism , Pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Nuclear Proteins , Metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos , Metabolism , Tumor Protein p73 , Tumor Suppressor Proteins , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes of nitric oxide concentration in the distal portion of a random pattern skin flap and the influence of the exogenous L-arginine on the survival of the random pattern skin flap.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A random pattern skin flap (7 cm x 2 cm) was cranially designed and elevated on the back of a Wistar rat. An image analysis technology was used to evaluate the survival rate of the skin flap, while a biochemistry method was used to test the concentrations of the NO in the tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival area of the flap in the L-arginine-treated group was significantly enlarged (63.83 +/- 5.13)% (P < 0.01) in seven days postoperatively, compared with the control group (43.26 +/- 2.86)%. The NO concentration in the tissue was no statistic difference between all of the groups immediately after the operation (P > 0.05). But, the NO concentration in the control was decreasing at the beginning and then increasing slightly to reach the high level in 12 hours after the operation. It was thereafter slumped down to the baseline in 72 hours after the surgery. Although the changes in the L-arginine-treated group were quite similar to the control excepting of the extent, the NO concentration was kept in a higher level in the sequential time after the operation (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The NO concentration in skin flap tissue after the elevation was going up slightly for a short time. The exogenous L-arginine could promote the NO concentration in the random pattern skin flap to protect it from ischemic injury.</p>